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Types of Hyperpigmentation

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Sunspots or Lentigines

Aging and prolonged sun exposure contribute to the development of lentigines, commonly known as age spots, appearing as small, dark spots on the skin. They commonly emerge on sun-exposed areas like the face, hands, and shoulders.

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Melasma

Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy or due to contraceptive use often result in melasma. Unlike sunspots, melasma manifests as larger patches primarily on the face.

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Post-inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH)

It is caused by skin trauma or inflammation, such as acne, cuts, or burns. These areas tend to darken compared to the surrounding skin.

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Dark Spots from Trauma

Physical trauma, including wounds or surgeries, can lead to dark spots as a result of the skin's healing process.

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Drug-Induced Hyperpigmentation

Certain medications, like specific antibiotics, antimalarials, or chemotherapy drugs, may induce hyperpigmentation as a side effect, causing the skin to darken in patches or spots.

Causes Of Hyperpigmentation

Here are some common causes of hyperpigmentation.

Sun Exposure

Genetics

Aging

Hormonal Changes

Medications

Eczema

Inflammation

Injury

Psoriasis

  • Myth: Complete elimination of dark circles is always achievable.
    Truth: The effectiveness of treatments varies depending on the root cause. While certain remedies can notably diminish dark circles, total eradication may not be universally attainable.
  • Myth: Permanently reducing dark circles is feasible by applying cold tea bags or cucumbers.
    Truth: While these solutions may offer temporary relief by lessening puffiness or calming the skin, they do not tackle the underlying causes or provide a lasting remedy.
  • Myth: Dark circles always signify poor health.
    Truth: Although dark circles might indicate health issues like allergies or deficiencies at times, they can also result from genetics or facial structure, occurring naturally.

Hyperpigmentation Treatments

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Laser Therapy

Lasers use focused light energy to break down excess pigment in the skin, targeting specific areas and promoting even-toned skin regeneration.

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Topical Treatment

Common ingredients used are hydroquinone, kojic acid, azelaic acid, retinoids (such as tretinoin), vitamin C, licorice extract, niacinamide, and alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) like glycolic acid. 

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Chemical Peels

Chemical peels delicately remove the surface layers of the skin, catalyzing the emergence of fresh, revitalized skin cells with reduced pigmentation.

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RF Microneedling

Through controlled radiofrequency energy and micro-injuries, it encourages the skin to regenerate, reducing hyperpigmentation and promoting a more even skin tone.

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